[81], An IAF MiG-29 crashed near Jalandhar in Punjab on 8 May 2020 with its pilot ejected safely after the aircraft failed to respond. Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21, Paperback by Mladenov, Alexander, Brand New, Free sh $18.10. [100] On 25 February 2019, Belarus formally handed four MiG-29s to the Serbian military during a ceremony held at the 558th Aircraft Repair Plant in Baranavichy. As of 2008, Poland was the biggest NATO MiG-29 user. WebThe Mikoyan MiG-29 is a twin engine jet fighter aircraft designed in the Soviet Union. Wiemy, co mogo doprowadzi do tragedii. The baseline MiG-29B has a Phazotron RLPK-29 radar fire control system which includes the N019 Sapfir 29 look-down/shoot-down coherent pulse-Doppler radar and the Ts100.02-02 digital computer. The Indian Air Force (IAF) placed an order for 44 aircraft (40 single-seat MiG-29 9.12Bs and four twin-seat MiG-29UBs) in 1984, and the MiG-29 was officially inducted into the IAF in 1987. [26], The Russian Air Force grounded all its MiG-29s following a crash in Siberia on 17 October 2008. The offer was turned down, as the weapons system and radar of the MiG-29 were assessed as similar to those of the MiG-23MLD already in service with the Libyan Arab Air Force. Russia denies that the aircraft was theirs and says they did not have any pilots in the air that day. [76] The MiG-29K entered service with the Indian Navy on 19 February 2010. ", "India says its MiG-29 safe despite Russian grounding of such aircraft. WebMikoyan MiG-27. This was to be part of a defence cooperation deal that would have included Lebanese military personnel training in Russia. take-off 18,500 kg / 40,785 lb How Russia's MiG-29 Fulcrum Fighter Isn't as Good as It Looks", "Iraqi Perspectives Project Phase II, Um Al-Ma'arik (The Mother of All Battles): Operational and Strategic Insights from an Iraqi Perspective, Volume 1 (Revised May 2008). Designed to a 1972 requirement intended to replace the MiG-21, MiG-23, Su-15 and Su-17 with the Soviet air force, the MiG-29, originally revealed in a US satellite photograph and designated 'Ram-L', made its first flight on 6 October 1977. ", ( ). [98] At the end of January 2017, Serbian defense minister Zoran orevi said that Belarus also agreed to donate eight of its MiG-29s to Serbia on a no-pay basis. [citation needed] A production license was given to North Korea in 1987 and around 15 were produced locally up to the late 1990s. ", "Russia says fighter pilot shot down in Sudan was an ex-military officer. The Sukhoi Su-27 and its derivatives were to be replaced by the Sukhoi Su-57, but a different design was needed to replace the lighter MiGs. Later models frequently feature improved engines, glass cockpits with HOTAS-compatible flight controls, modern radar and infrared search and track (IRST) sensors, and considerably increased fuel capacity; some aircraft have also been equipped for aerial refueling. Mikoyan-Gurevich jumped at the challenge and held something of an advantage in that the firm had already been experimenting with varied wing forms, airframes and available engines by this time. On display at the Central Air Force Museum in Monino. Under the deal, the Indian MiGs were modified to be capable of deploying the R-77/RVV-AE (AA-12 'Adder') air-to-air missile. WebMikoyan-Gurevich MiG-29A The MiG-29 was designed in response to a new generation of American fighters, which included the F-15 and F-16. Ukrainian sources claim that the pilot shot down five drones and two cruise missiles shortly before the crash. And then also, in recent PDA [Presidential Drawdown Authority] packages we've included a number of anti-radiation missiles that can be fired off of Ukrainian aircraft. engelsk betydelse "stdpunkt fr hvstng") r ett sovjetiskt (senare ryskt) jaktplan.Vid sin tillkomst var MiG-29 ett tredje generationens stridsflygplan, men uppgraderingar sedan dess har gjort att typen fortfarande r relativt aktuell och fortfarande anvnds runt om i vrlden idag KB-732 On display as a gate guardian at, KB-741 On display at the Technical Type Training (TETTRA) School in. [39], During the first half of September 2017, the Russian Air Force deployed some MiG-29SMT multirole combat aircraft to Khmeimim Airbase, near Latakia, in western Syria, becoming the first time the modernized version of the baseline Fulcrum jet was deployed to take part in the Syrian Air War. ", "Corrosion issue grounds one-third of Russian air force MiG-29 fleet. Syrian Arab Air Force MiG-29s have sometimes encountered Israeli fighter and reconnaissance aircraft. Automatic slats are mounted on the leading edges of the wings; they are four-segment on early models and five-segment on some later variants. [citation needed] Instead, the 35 MiG-29SMT/UBTs rejected by Algeria were bought by the Russian Air Force. Nonetheless, it is very agile, with excellent instantaneous and sustained turn performance, high-alpha capability, and a general resistance to spins. 26 - - ", " - ", " : ", " , ", "Ukrainian MiG-29s Are Firing AGM-88 Anti-Radiation Missiles", "One of the pilots has made a footage of the MiG-29 fighter jets combat operations. pilot Ivan dedicates this", "First Footage Of Ukrainian MiG-29 Firing US-delivered Anti-Radiation Missiles Emerges", "Ukraine Confirms 1st Known Case Of Fighter Jet Going Down To A Kamikaze Drone", "Ukraine Claims MiG-29 Pilot Downed Five Drones Before Ejecting", "India's MiG-29 fighter jets to be upgraded by Russia. Development of the MiG-29 began in the late 1960s to meet the Soviet Unions requirement for a modern small tactical fighter to replace the MiG-21. Spick, Mike, ed. According to some reports, in the 1999 Eritrean-Ethiopian War, a number of Eritrean MiG-29s were shot down by Ethiopian Su-27s piloted by Russian mercenaries. [132] It is believed that an F-111 was hit by a missile fired by a MiG-29 but it was able to return to base. The Soviet Union did not assign official names to most of its aircraft, although nicknames were common. It appears that they are fired from MiG-29s. BUY 1, GET 1 AT 5% OFF (add 2 to cart) See all eligible items and terms. max. Polish MiG-29s played the aggressor role in the NATO Tactical Leadership Programme (TLP) joint training program in Albacete in 2011, 2012 and 2013. 41 Paperback Illustrated, August 26, 2005 by Yefim Gordon (Author), Peter Davison (Author) 18 ratings See all formats and editions Paperback $18.95 4 Used from $13.48 1 New from $18.95 In the late 1960s the Soviet Union was working on a fourth-generation jet fighter concept. Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 by Alexander Miladenov (English) Paperback Book. [141][142], There have been occasional claims regarding the use of Sudanese Air Force MiG-29s against insurgent forces in Darfur. take-off 18,500 kg / 40,785 lb Comparison of expert judgment methods used for modernization decision- the case of MiG-29 (IA comparisonofexpe00zaha).pdf 1,216 1,606, 136 pages; 6.26 MB MiG-29 & Alenia C-27J Spartan (52501614769).jpg 3,788 [105] Initially the 1./JG3 kept its designation. Lake, Jon. [54][55], During the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Su-27s and MiG-29s were used as air superiority fighters, with ten MiG-29s reported lost on the ground and in the air. Takeoff Weight. On display at the Central Air Force Museum in Monino. There have been unconfirmed reports that Poland has at one point leased a MiG-29 from its own inventory to Israel for evaluation and the aircraft has since been returned to Poland, as suggested by photographs of a MiG-29 in Israeli use. The Korean People's Air Force is believed to operate about 40 MiG-29Bs and MiG-29SEs divided into the 55th and 57th fighter regiments based at Sunchon and Onchon, respectively. $28.95. Picture 1 of 2. According to avia.pro the aircraft may have been shot down by MANPADS operated by the Syrian Opposition. [citation needed] On 7 September 2011, the Polish Air Force awarded a contract to the WZL 2 company to modernise its MiG-29 fleet to be compatible with Polish F-16s. [91][92] However, one aircraft, according to its pilot, was hit by friendly fire from the ground. [107][108] The HMS was a great help, allowing the Germans to achieve a lock on any target the pilot could see within the missile field of view, including those almost 45 degrees off boresight. [155] There are also some other reports of Eritrean MiG-29s shooting down two Ethiopian MiG-21s, three MiG-23s. It's The First Ever Crash Of A Polish Fulcrum", "Katastrofa MiG-29 w Pasku. [citation needed] The Russian MiG-29s have not received updates since the collapse of the Soviet Union. [31], On 4 June 2015, a MiG-29 crashed during training in Astrakhan. [159] Equipped with N019MP radar and an advanced fire control system, they became the most advanced combat aircraft in the Yemeni Air force arsenal. During this action, the JEM shot down a Sudanese Air Force MiG-29 with 12.7 and 14.5mm (0.500 and 0.571in) heavy machine gun fire while it was attacking a convoy of vehicles in the Khartoum suburb of Omdurman. WebMikoyan-Gurevich MiG-29 Fulcrum Origin Russia Type air-superiority fighter with secondary air-to-ground capability Max Speed 1,318 kt / 1,518 mph Max Range 1,500 km / 932 miles Dimensions span 11.36 m / 37 ft 3.75 in length 17.32 m / 56 ft 10 in height 4.7 m / 15 ft 6 in Weight empty 10,900 kg / 24,030 lb max. ", "IAF to immediately buy 21 MiG-29 fighter aircraft to bolster depleting fleet", "Russia sent a commercial proposal for the delivery of 21 MiG-21 to India", "F-15 Eagle vs MiG-29 Fulcrum | With "Dozer", "Niko nije rekao neu, drugi deo Predrag Milutinovi pilot", "Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-29 Fulcrum: Losses & Ejections. The MiG-29 was planned to replace the Finnish Air Force's MiG-21 fighters up to 1988, with test flights having been done. ", "Russian pilots fly Sudan MIGs in Darfour missions. [13][14], There have been several upgrade programmes conducted for the MiG-29. [109] However, the German pilots who flew the MiG-29 admitted that while the Fulcrum was more maneuverable at slow speeds than the F-15 Eagle, F-16 Fighting Falcon, F-14 Tomcat, and F/A-18 Hornet and its Vympel R-73 dogfight missile system was superior to the AIM-9 Sidewinder of the time, in engagements that went into the beyond visual range arena, the German pilots found it difficult to multi-task locking and firing the MiG-29's Vympel R-27 missile (German MiG-29s did not have access to the more advanced Vympel R-77 that equips more advanced MiG-29 versions) while trying to avoid the longer range and advanced search and track capabilities of the American fighters' radars and AIM-120 AMRAAM. The Bangladesh Air Force (BAF) operates 8 MiG-29s (6B & 2UB). "[21] Soviet era aircraft don't have the computer architecture to accept NATO standard weapons. [1] It is based on unified platform together with Mikoyan MiG-29K. [16], The MiG-29 has two widely spaced Klimov RD-33 turbofan engines, each rated at 50.0 kilonewtons (11,200lbf) dry and 81.3 kilonewtons (18,300lbf) in afterburner. In May, Russian troops dismantled them and shipped them back to Ukraine. On the trailing edge, there are maneuvering flaps and wingtip ailerons. Iraq received a number of MiG-29 fighters and used them to engage Iranian equivalent opponents during the later stages of the IranIraq War. [119] They are stationed with the 1st Tactical Squadron at the 23rd Air Base near Misk Mazowiecki and the 41st TS at the 22nd Air Base near Malbork. $18.95. [164], In 2021 Russia offered the Argentine Air Force a batch of 15 MiG-29 fighters and another of Su-30 fighters with 12 units and seek also the sale of Yak-130 training jet and Mil Mi-17 helicopters. "Iraqi air-air victories during the Gulf War 1991. WebMikoyan MiG-27. [90], Six MiG-29s were shot down during the NATO intervention in the Kosovo War, three by USAF F-15s, one by a USAF F-16, and one by a Royal Netherlands Air Force F-16. WebThe Mikoyan MiG-29 (codename in NATO Fulcrum ) is a fighter used in air combat . In response to all of these problems, the Soviets hastily developed a modified N019M Topaz radar for the upgraded MiG-29S aircraft. The Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-29 is a twin-engine single-seat jet fighter aircraft developed by the Soviet Design Bureau Mikoyan-Gurevich OKB, today Russian Aircraft Corporation MiG (Russia). A Ukrainian Air Force-operated MiG-29 Fulcrum fighter painted in the colours of the air arm's long-disbanded 'Ukrainian Falcons' aerobatic team has been shot down in a friendly fire incident, resulting in the death of its pilot. Mikoyan-Gurevich jumped at the challenge and held something of an advantage in that the firm had already been experimenting with varied wing forms, airframes and available engines by this time. the aircraft served for decades until a viable air superiority replacement was finally found in the MiG-29 Fulcrum, to which led to the One, you know, a lot was made about the MiG-29 issue several months ago, not very much has been noticed about the sheer amount of spare parts and other things that we've done to help them actually put more of their own MiG-29s in the air and keep those that are in the air flying for a longer period of time. However, their relatively low fuel capacity relegated them to short-range air defense missions. ", "Spad syryjski MiG-29. The cockpit features a conventional centre stick and left hand throttle controls. The MiG-29B was widely exported in downgraded versions, known as MiG-29B 9-12A and MiG-29B 9-12B for Warsaw Pact and non-Warsaw Pact nations respectively, with less capable avionics and no capability for delivering nuclear weapons. [33] A series of accidents in the Russian Air Force that happened in 2015 were caused mostly by overall increase of flights and trainings. WebEl Mikoyan MiG-29 (en ruso: -29; designacin OTAN: Fulcrum [7] ) es un caza de superioridad area de cuarta generacin diseado por Mikoyn en la Unin Sovitica en los aos 1970, siendo un caza inicialmente diseado como un prototipo de caza para el programa PFI (en ruso, , Perspektivnyi Frontovi Istrebitel) o Avin caza $18.95. While originally oriented towards combat against any enemy aircraft, many MiG-29s have been furnished as multirole fighters capable of performing a number of different operations, and are commonly outfitted to use a range of air-to-surface armaments and precision munitions. The MiG-29 has been manufactured in several major variants, including the multirole Mikoyan MiG-29M and the navalised Mikoyan MiG-29K; the most advanced member of the family to date is the Mikoyan MiG-35. Original production MiG-29B aircraft cannot fire the cannon when carrying a centerline fuel tank as it blocks the shell ejection port. $28.95. [121], On 18 December 2017, a MiG-29 crash-landed in a forest near the 23rd Air Base while performing a landing approach. The PFI program was supplemented with the Perspektivnyy Lyogkiy Frontovoy Istrebitel (LPFI, or "Advanced Lightweight Tactical Fighter") program; the Soviet fighter force was planned to be approximately 33% PFI and 67% LPFI. [148] It was not clear if this second claim referred to the previous one. max. In 1997, the United States purchased 21 Moldovan MiG-29 aircraft under the NunnLugar Cooperative Threat Reduction program. [151][152], A Cuban MiG-29UB shot down two Cessna 337s belonging to the organisation Brothers to the Rescue in 1996, after the aircraft approached Cuban airspace.[153]. Takeoff Weight. [94] One Argentine source claims that a MiG-29 shot down an F-16 on 26 March 1999,[95] but this kill is disputed, as the F-16C in question was said to have crashed in the US that same day. engelsk betydelse "stdpunkt fr hvstng") r ett sovjetiskt (senare ryskt) jaktplan.Vid sin tillkomst var MiG-29 ett tredje generationens stridsflygplan, men uppgraderingar sedan dess har gjort att typen fortfarande r relativt aktuell och fortfarande anvnds runt om i vrlden idag This version is similar to the SMT variant but differs by having a foreign-made avionics suite. BUY 1, GET 1 AT 5% OFF (add 2 to cart) See all eligible items and terms. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the militaries of a number of ex-Soviet republics have continued to operate the MiG-29, the largest of which is the Russian Air Force. ", "South Sudan: Nation Guns Down War Plane, Khartoum Denies. Iraq was reportedly unsatisfied that they did not receive the R-73 and R-27T missiles that Coalition intelligence had assessed as a great threat, instead receiving R-60MK missiles. 26 F-16C (88-0490, "The US Air Force suspended all F-16 fighter flights at Luke Air Force Base. [154] It was reported that local pilots were trained by instructors from those nations. Some Soviet aircraft could carry a single nuclear bomb on the port inboard station. [150] These were first encountered and photographed by the USAF in March 2003 when a pair of KPAF MiG-29s intercepted an USAF RC-135S reconnaissance aircraft. Fourteen were MiG-29S models, which are equipped with an active radar jammer in its spine and are capable of being armed with nuclear weapons. ", "ASN Aircraft accident Panavia Tornado GR1 ZA467. Supersonic fighter bombers that had been optimized for low altitude bombing, like the F-105 Thunderchief, were found to be vulnerable to older MiG-17s and more advanced MiGs which were much more maneuverable. The Peruvian MiG-29s are based at FAP Captain Jos Abelardo Quiones Gonzlez International Airport in northern Peru, equipping Escuadrn Areo 612 (Fighter Squadron 612 "Fighting Roosters").[118]. [65], On 13 October 2022, a Ukrainian MiG-29 crashed during a combat mission. Under Secretary of Defense for Policy Colin Kahl has said this: "I would just point to two things. Although it had little sophisticated avionics and no fly-by-wire flight control system, the MiG-29's agility and manoeuvrability made it equal to the contemporary Western fighter aircraft, like the F-16 and F-15. The MiG-29 (NATO reporting name 'Fulcrum') is a single-seat air superiority fighter, developed by Mikoyan Design Bureau. Although it had little sophisticated avionics and no fly-by-wire flight control system, the MiG-29's agility and manoeuvrability made it equal to the contemporary Western fighter aircraft, like the F-16 and F-15. Poland had 31 active MiG-29s (25 MiG-29As, six MiG-29UBs) as of 2017. The following year an additional 3 MiG-29 aircraft were acquired from Russia. WebMikoyan-Gurevich MiG-29 - Aircraft Recognition Guide Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-29 Like its western counterparts of fighters designed in the 1970s the MiG29, NATO code name Fulcrum, has double vertical stabilisers, wedge shaped air intakes and bubble canopy. WebThe Mikoyan MiG-29M ( Russian: -29M; NATO reporting name: Fulcrum-E) is a Russian multirole fighter developed in 2005. [128] Some Russian sources reported that one British Panavia Tornado, ZA467, was shot down in northwestern Iraq by a MiG-29 piloted by Jameel Sayhood. ", "F/A-18 vs. Mig 29 in "Red October" War Games", "Last of MiG-29s offered by Germany arrive in Poland", "Joseph Trevithick, "Russian MiG-29 And Su-24 Combat Jets Caught In-Flight At Libyan Base In New Satellite Images," The Drive, 18 June 2020", "Jared Szuba,"Wagner has already crashed two Russian fighter jets in Libya, AFRICOM says," Al-Monitor, 11 September 2020", "Ceremonia se realiz en el Grupo Areo N 6 | FUERZA ARA DEL PER FIRMA CONTRATO PARA REPARAR MIG29", "Polish official says pilot of crashed jet saved", "Poland Signs $44.5M Deal To Modernize MiG-29s", "Polish Air Force MiG-29 Crashes in Minsk Mazowiecki. [125], On 8 March 2022, Poland announced a willingness to transfer their operational fleet of MiG-29 aircraft to the US via the Ramstein Air Base, in exchange for aircraft of a similar role and operational capability, with the intent of transferring the MiG-29s to Ukraine to use in the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.[126]. "Zobaczyam, jak spada samolot", "Statement of the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Poland in connection with the statement by the US Secretary of State on providing airplanes to Ukraine". In addition, newer models have been fitted with port-side inflight refueling probes, allowing much longer flight times by using a probe-and-drogue system.[19]. [112] The last aircraft were transferred in August 2004. These upgrades will include a new avionics kit, with the N019 radar being replaced by a Phazotron Zhuk-M radar. The Russian Air Force wanted to upgrade its existing fleet to the modernised MiG-29SMT configuration, but financial difficulties have limited deliveries. [147] On 16 April 2012, the SPLA issued a second claim about the downing of a Sudanese MiG-29. WebIl Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 (in russo: -15?, traslitterato: Mikojana i Gurevia MiG-15, nome in codice NATO Fagot) era un aereo da caccia monomotore a getto ad ala a freccia progettato dall'OKB 155 diretto da Artm Ivanovi Mikojan in collaborazione con Michail Iosifovi Gurevi e sviluppato in Unione Sovietica negli anni cinquanta. The Sudan government denied the claim. WebMikoyan-Gurevich MiG-29 - Aircraft Recognition Guide Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-29 Like its western counterparts of fighters designed in the 1970s the MiG29, NATO code name Fulcrum, has double vertical stabilisers, wedge shaped air intakes and bubble canopy. [82], In 2020, India ordered 21 MiG-29s at an affordable price. This time the pilot ejected and survived. [149] This purchase could also provide the tactical jet fighter communities of the USAF, the USN and the USMC with a working evaluation and data for the MiG-29, and possibly for use in dissimilar air combat training. Since then, the aircraft has undergone a series of modifications with the addition of new avionics, subsystems, turbofan engines and radars. Because of the United Nations arms embargo against the country, the condition of the MiG-29s worsened as aircraft were not maintained according to rules and general overhaul scheduled for 1996 and 1997 was not conducted. Painted as "Blue 18". However, whereas Mi-24 combat helicopters as well as Nanchang A-5 or, more recently, Su-25 ground-attack aircraft have been spotted and photographed on Darfurian air fields, no MiG-29s have been observed. [117], The Peruvian Air Force acquired 21 MiG-29S fighters from Belarus in 1997, as part of a package that also included 18 Su-25 attack aircraft. At the same time, Peru contracted with Mikoyan to upgrade 8 aircraft to the MiG-29SMP standard, with an option to upgrade the remainder of the Peruvian inventory. [43], During the initial days of the War in Donbas in April 2014, the Ukrainian Air Force deployed some jet fighters over the Donetsk region to perform combat air patrols and show of force flights. [15] This has since been revealed to be the Sukhoi Su-75 Checkmate. The downed MiG-29 was wearing a livery similar to that of the Ukrainian Falcons display team. [162], In December 2008, Russia moved to expand its military influence in the Middle East when it announced it was giving Lebanon 10 fighter jets, that would have been the most significant upgrade of Lebanon's military since the civil war ended almost two decades before. Due to their relatively short combustor, the engines produce noticeably heavier smoke than their contemporaries. Free shipping. Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21, Paperback by Mladenov, Alexander, Brand New, Free sh $18.10. Development of the MiG-29 began in the late 1960s to meet the Soviet Unions requirement for a modern small tactical fighter to replace the MiG-21. WebEl Mikoyan MiG-29 (en ruso: -29; designacin OTAN: Fulcrum [7] ) es un caza de superioridad area de cuarta generacin diseado por Mikoyn en la Unin Sovitica en los aos 1970, siendo un caza inicialmente diseado como un prototipo de caza para el programa PFI (en ruso, , Perspektivnyi Frontovi Istrebitel) o Avin caza Common upgrades include the adoption of standard-compatible avionics, service life extensions to 4,000 flight hours, safety enhancements, greater combat capabilities and reliability. Mikoyan Gurevich MiG-29 - Warbird Tech Vol. For other uses, see, Upgraded variants based on original airframe, Second-generation variants with modified airframe. In the process, India becomes the last export customer of the original airframe of MiG-29. [citation needed], The US has supplied AGM-88 HARM missiles to Ukraine. [72], In March 2009, the Indian Air Force expressed concern after 90 MiG-29s were grounded in Russia. On display at the Central Air Force Museum in Monino. WebMikoyan-Gurevich MiG-29A The MiG-29 was designed in response to a new generation of American fighters, which included the F-15 and F-16. [1] It is based on unified platform together with Mikoyan MiG-29K. "MiG-29" redirects here. [157], After the end of the 1994 civil war, newly reunified Yemen inherited several intact MiG-29s, bought by South Yemen a few months earlier. [120], Four MiG-29s from 1. elt participated in the Baltic Air Policing mission in 2006, while 41. elt aircraft did so in 2008, 2010 and 2012. [124] Another crash followed on 4 March 2019. The aircraft were transferred to Serbia on board an Antonov An-124 transport aircraft. The interface would be difficult; however with a "crude modification", such as an e-tablet, it would be possible. [2] In 1969, the Soviet General Staff issued a requirement for a Perspektivnyy Frontovoy Istrebitel (PFI, roughly "Advanced Frontline Fighter"). ", "MiG-29VFT video from Smotr TV-series. [86], Yugoslavia was the first European country outside the Soviet Union to operate the MiG-29. [83][84][85] Russia has sent a commercial proposal for 21 MiG-29 aircraft to be refurbished for the Indian Air Force.
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